- -  AGRICULTURE CORE CURRICULUM - - 
 
(CLF2000) Advanced Core Cluster: AGRICULTURAL MECHANICS
 
 (CLF2450) Unit Title: PROJECT DESIGN

___________________________________________________________________________ 
 (CLF2452) Topic: PROJECT PLANNING &               Time     Year(s) 
                   CONSTRUCTION                   3 Hours    1/2/3/4
___________________________________________________________________________
 
          Topic Objectives: Upon completion of this lesson, the students
                             will be able to:

          Learning Outcome #:

             (J-5) - Interpret a working drawing.

             (J-7) - Plan and lay out a construction project.

             (J-8) - Calculate construction costs for a given project.

             (J-9) - Assemble and finish a project.

          Special Material and Equipment: A working drawing for the
                       project to be constructed and the tools and materials 
                       required.

          References: Burke, Stanley R., & Wakeman, T. J. (1990). MODERN
                         AGRICULTURAL MECHANICS (2nd ed.). Danville, IL:
                         Interstate Publishers.
                       Cooper, Elmer L. (1987). AGRICULTURAL MECHANICS:
                         FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS. Albany, NY: Delmar
                         Publishers.
                       Jones, M. M. (1955). SHOPWORK ON THE FARM (2nd ed.).
                         New York: McGraw-Hill.
                       Spencer, H. C., & J. T. Dygdon. (1980). BASIC 
                         TECHNICAL DRAWING. New York: Macmillan.

          Evaluation: Complete an accurate cutting list, bill of materials,
                       and project.

TOPIC PRESENTATION: Project Planning & Construction

    =====================================================================
                       *** INSTRUCTORS PLEASE NOTE ***
         See Cooper (p. 418-500) for list of project suggestions.
    =====================================================================

A. Project Planning Considerations

   1. Will the project be subject to loads or weights such that strength 
       considerations must be taken into account?


       a. Strength is important when planning a ladder or ramp, but it is 
           not as critical a factor when planning a decorative lamp stand.

   2. Are suitable materials, tools, and fasteners readily available?

       a. If building a project that needs to be arc welded, is the 
           appropriate type (AC, DC, MIG, TIG) and size of welder available 
           along with the correct size and type of welding rod?

   3. Is there a similar part or item commercially available which would 
       eliminate the need to "reinvent the wheel."

       a. For example, if planning to build an engine stand, check 
           commercially available models to get ideas regarding design, size, 
           and types of materials used, as well as joint types.

   4. Use standard size, commercially available parts and components to hold 
       down expense and excessive fabrication time and costs.

       a. It will cost more and require more fabrication time to specify 
           1/8" X 1-1/16" strip steel (NOT commercially available) rather 
           than 1/8" X 1" strip steel which is commercially available.

   5. Consider set-up and jigging techniques to eliminate "impossible" or 
       extremely difficult fabrication and assembly.

       a. When sketching or laying out plans, consider what the sequence of 
           procedures should be in order to complete all the steps in the 
           simplest and most efficient way.

   6. When appearance is not a consideration, use less expensive materials.

       a. Use hot rolled steel in place of cold rolled steel because the 
           cost of hot rolled steel is less and the strength is the same even 
           though the appearance is slightly less shiny.

       b. Use economical grades of lumber for general utility and 
           construction projects.

B. Interpreting Working Plans

   1. Cutting List

       a. A cutting list itemizes the various dimensions of materials
           (wood, metal, etc.) that must be cut before being assembled.

       b. This tabular form includes the name of the project part, the
           number of pieces, the dimensions, and the type of material.

       c. This list serves as a checklist of project parts required for
           assembly and speeds up the construction process by alerting the
           builder to set up cutting jigs for project parts having the same
           dimensions.

       d. If a plan has no dimensions specified, but is drawn to scale,
           use an architect's scale to determine the dimensions required.


   2. Bill of Materials

       a. A bill of materials is a list of all the materials needed
           for a project with the total cost calculated.

       b. This tabular form includes the number of pieces, the dimensions,
           a description of the items, the cost per unit, and the total cost.

       c. It is preferable to order standard stock sizes that will provide 
           the desired materials with the least possible waste.

       d. List similar materials together and in the order they will be 
           used.

C. Project Layout & Construction

   1. Study the working drawing to understand which parts must be
       assembled first and in what sequence.

   2. Construct jigs to speed up the assembly of duplicate parts (such as 
       trusses).

         _________________________________________________________
         ACTIVITY:

         1. Calculate the construction cost of a project by making 
             a bill of materials from a working drawing. A bill of 
             materials form may be obtained from a local building 
             supply store.

         2. Complete a cutting list from a working drawing of a 
             project.

         3. Lay out and assemble a simple project. This may be 
             coordinated with the unit on woodworking, welding, 
             plumbing, or metalworking.
         _________________________________________________________








6/12/91 OLR/JR/tf


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