- -  AGRICULTURAL CORE CURRICULUM - -


(CLF6000) Advanced Core Cluster: ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURE

 (CLF6650)  Unit Title: FLORICULTURE AND FLORAL DESIGN

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 (CLF6653)  Topic: CLASSIFICATION & USE OF   Time     Taught in Year(s) 
                     FLOWER DESIGN CATEGORIES  3 hours        3/4       
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        Topic Objectives: Upon completion of this lesson the student will 
        be able to:

        Learning Outcome #:

          (L-3) - Classify the major floricultural products by design 
                    categories of mass, line, form and filler.

          (A-1) - Demonstrate how each of the design categories is used 
                    in flower arranging.

        Special Materials and Equipment: Samples of slides of different 
                    flowers and foliage category types

        References: Anderson, Gary. (1988). FLORAL DESIGN AND MARKETING. 
                      Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University, Agricultural 
                      Education Curriculum Materials Service.
                    Gordon, Robert. (1972). PROFESSIONAL FLOWER ARRANGING 
                      FOR BEGINNERS. San Luis Obispo, CA: California
                      Polytechnic State University, Vocational Education 
                      Productions (pp. 4-14).

        Evaluation: Quiz by instructor

TOPIC PRESENTATION: CLASSIFICATION AND USE OF FLOWER DESIGN CATEGORIES

A. The shape and character of floral materials determine how they are used 
   in an arrangement.

   1. There are four basic categories of floral materials: line materials,
       mass materials, form materials, and filler materials.

B. Line materials are those in which the florets, the individual blossoms, 
   grow along the stem to create a line. The florets may be on one side of
   the stem, as in a gladiola, or on all sides, as in a snapdragon. 

   1. Other examples of line materials include stock, bells of Ireland, 
       larkspur, delphinium, hollyhock, foxglove, heather, eucalyptus, flax, 
       penstemon, and pussy willow.

C. Mass materials are those in which the florets grow at the end of the 
   stem: mass materials are used to give bulk to an arrangement.

   1. Examples of mass materials include asters, carnations, roses, 
       chrysanthemums, daisies, gerbera, calendula, bachelor's buttons,
       yarrow, ranunculus, camellia, cosmos, dahlia, strawflower, hydrangea,
       scabiosa, and zinnia.

D. Form materials include those that have a precise and distinctive form,
   and are usually used at the focal point (center of interest) in an 
   arrangement. They should be handled so that every flower or leaf of the
   material can be seen.

   1. Examples of form materials include orchids, poinsettia, bird-of-
       paradise, iris, protea, croton leaves, anthurium, lily of the valley,
       and daffodil.

E. Filler materials include those flowers that grow with a cluster of
   florets. They are used to fill in arrangements and give them solidity.

   1. Examples of filler materials include baby's breath, statice, caspia, 
       Queen Anne's lace, sweet pea, phlox, calla lily, leatherleaf,
       huckleberry, and lemon leaf.

F. No matter how many of the categories of flowers are used, the materials 
   should be placed in the arrangement in the order listed above.
 
   1. The line material helps establish the shape of the design, and should 
       be used in both the background and the front to build depth in the 
       design.

   2. The mass material gives the arrangement body and weight, and, if
       possible, should establish a different pattern from the line material
       to add interest.

   3. The form material is used to help create a focal point or center of
       interest. Each form flower should be handled in such a way as to 
       display its individual form.

   4. Filler material is then added to fill out the arrangement, with care
       taken not to take away from or overpower the design that has been 
       created by the line, mass, and form material.

         __________________________________________________________
         ACTIVITY: 
                     
         1. Bring in a number of different kinds of flowers and 
             foliage and have the students classify them according 
             to category.
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1/7/91 CH/clh

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